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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 5/2020

30.04.2020 | Stammzell-Transplantation | Leitthema

Autologe hämatopoetische Stammzelltransplantation bei Autoimmunerkrankungen

Aktuelle Indikationen und Wirkungsweise, ein Review der EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP)

verfasst von: Dr. T. Alexander, M. Badoglio, J. Henes, C. Heesen, R. Arnold, A. Radbruch, J. A. Snowden, F. Hiepe

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie | Ausgabe 5/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Die Einführung biologischer und zielgerichteter synthetischer („targeted-synthetic“) krankheitsmodifizierender Basistherapeutika hat zu mehr Spezifität in der Behandlung von Autoimmunerkrankungen geführt. Sie erfordern allerdings eine kontinuierliche oder intermittierende Verabreichung, sind mit kumulativen Risiken für Nebenwirkungen verbunden, verursachen hohe Kosten und bieten keine Heilung. Im Gegensatz dazu kann eine hoch dosierte Chemotherapie mit anschließender Transplantation autologer hämatopoetischer Stammzellen (AHSZT) lang anhaltende und therapiefreie Remissionen bei verschiedenen Autoimmunerkrankungen induzieren. Das Prinzip der AHSZT beruht auf einer Eliminierung wichtiger Komponenten des autoreaktiven immunologischen Gedächtnisses mit anschließender Neubildung des gesamten Immunsystems. Dieser sog. „Immun-Reset“ ist mit fundamentalen Veränderungen des Immunrepertoires verbunden, die zu einer Toleranzinduktion gegenüber Selbst führen. In diesem Beitrag präsentieren wir aktuelle Indikationen der AHSZT für Autoimmunerkrankungen, basierend auf Registerdaten der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Blut- und Knochenmarktransplantation (EBMT), und diskutieren Ergebnisse aus mechanistischen Studien, die detaillierte Einblicke in die Wirkungsweise der Therapie bieten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Autologe hämatopoetische Stammzelltransplantation bei Autoimmunerkrankungen
Aktuelle Indikationen und Wirkungsweise, ein Review der EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP)
verfasst von
Dr. T. Alexander
M. Badoglio
J. Henes
C. Heesen
R. Arnold
A. Radbruch
J. A. Snowden
F. Hiepe
Publikationsdatum
30.04.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie / Ausgabe 5/2020
Print ISSN: 0340-1855
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1250
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-020-00795-2

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