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Journal of NeuroVirology

Erschienen in:

21.02.2023

Cortico-striatal networking deficits associated with advanced HIV disease and cocaine use

verfasst von: Kareem Al-Khalil, Ryan P. Bell, Sheri L. Towe, Syam Gadde, Emma Burke, Christina S. Meade

Erschienen in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Ausgabe 2/2023

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Abstract

Cocaine use is disproportionately prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) and is known to potentiate HIV neuropathogenesis. As both HIV and cocaine have well-documented cortico-striatal effects, PWH who use cocaine and have a history of immunosuppression may exhibit greater FC deficits compared to PWH without these conditions. However, research investigating the legacy effects of HIV immunosuppression (i.e., a history of AIDS) on cortico-striatal functional connectivity (FC) in adults with and without cocaine use is sparse. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neuropsychological assessment data from 273 adults were analyzed to examine FC in relation to HIV disease: HIV-negative (n = 104), HIV-positive with nadir CD4 ≥ 200 (n = 96), HIV-positive with nadir CD4 < 200 (AIDS; n = 73), and cocaine use (83 COC and 190 NON). Using independent component analysis/dual regression, FC was assessed between the basal ganglia network (BGN) and five cortical networks: dorsal attention network (DAN), default mode network, left executive network, right executive network, and salience network. There were significant interaction effects such that AIDS-related BGN-DAN FC deficits emerged in COC but not in NON participants. Independent of HIV, cocaine effects emerged in FC between the BGN and executive networks. Disruption of BGN-DAN FC in AIDS/COC participants is consistent with cocaine potentiation of neuro-inflammation and may be indicative of legacy HIV immunosuppressive effects. The current study bolsters previous findings linking HIV and cocaine use with cortico-striatal networking deficits. Future research should consider the effects of the duration of HIV immunosuppression and early treatment initiation.

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Titel: Cortico-striatal networking deficits associated with advanced HIV disease and cocaine use
verfasst von: Kareem Al-Khalil
Ryan P. Bell
Sheri L. Towe
Syam Gadde
Emma Burke
Christina S. Meade
Publikationsdatum: 21.02.2023
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Ausgabe 2/2023
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Elektronische ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-023-01120-8

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